[Free] How To Install WordPress with Nginx in Ubuntu 20.04 Oracle Cloud?

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This tutorial has been written to help you set up a server running Ubuntu 20.04 with Nginx and WordPress.

If you are looking for a solution that is fast, scalable, secure, and low maintenance then this guide is perfect for you. It will take you step-by-step through the process of installing the latest version of Ubuntu on your VPS server. Then it will show you how to install WordPress on your freshly installed Ubuntu server in less than 10 minutes! If this sounds too good to be true then read on because I'll show you how...


1: Copy Instance IP Address



2: Generate Puttgen Private Key using the Private & Public Keys Generated While Creating Your Instance

Conversions > Import Key > Select Your PrivateKey File

Click Save Private Key > Press YES



3: Open Putty 

    Paste Your IPAddress

    Under Connection > SSH > Auth > Click Browse & Select the private key file generated from puttygen


4: Click the Open Button on Putty to connect through SSH > Accept



5: login as: default value on username is ubuntu

6: Type the series of commands one by one


sudo su -

sudo apt update && apt upgrade -y

sudo apt autoremove

sudo apt install ufw

sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo ufw allow http
sudo ufw allow https

sudo ufw enable

7: Install NGINX



sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/nginx -y

apt update && apt upgrade -y

sudo apt install nginx -y

service nginx status


..Output
...
root@ubuntu-nginx-test:~# service nginx status
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-07-21 02:34:01 IST; 41s ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
   Main PID: 16743 (nginx)
      Tasks: 2 (limit: 2010)
     Memory: 4.0M
     CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
             ├─16743 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;
             └─16744 nginx: worker process

Jul 21 02:34:01 ubuntu-nginx-test systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
Jul 21 02:34:01 ubuntu-nginx-test systemd[1]: nginx.service: Failed to parse PID from file /run/nginx.pid: Invalid argu>
Jul 21 02:34:01 ubuntu-nginx-test systemd[1]: Started A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.
lines 1-14/14 (END)


Now type CTRL+C to end the Nginx service status output. And then open your browser and visit your server’s public IP address (http://public_ip_address/).


8: In Oracle Cloud, I had encountered some issues regarding the firewall rules. Deploying an instance and set the firewall rules on the VCN subnet section for HTTP and HTTPS requests is not enough, because after adding the rules the accessibility will same as without adding any VCN rules.


sudo iptables -I INPUT 6 -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

sudo netfilter-persistent save

9: Install Stable PHP


sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php -y

sudo apt update

sudo apt install php7.4-fpm php7.4-common php7.4-mysql \
php7.4-xml php7.4-xmlrpc php7.4-curl php7.4-gd \
php7.4-imagick php7.4-cli php7.4-dev php7.4-imap \
php7.4-mbstring php7.4-opcache php7.4-redis \
php7.4-soap php7.4-zip -y

sudo php -v

..Output
...
root@ubuntu-nginx-test:~# php -v
PHP 7.4.21 (cli) (built: Jul  1 2021 16:09:41) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.4.21, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies

10. Install MariaDB database


sudo apt-get install software-properties-common

sudo apt-key adv --fetch-keys 'https://mariadb.org/mariadb_release_signing_key.asc'

sudo add-apt-repository 'deb [arch=amd64,arm64,ppc64el] http://mirrors.up.pt/pub/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu focal main'

sudo apt install mariadb-server -y

sudo mysql_secure_installation

..output
...
root@ubuntu-nginx-test:~# sudo mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] Y
Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Change the root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

11: Create Database & Configure


CREATE DATABASE wp_example CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wp_example.* TO user@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

exit;

12: Download WordPress & Configure


cd tmp

wget -c https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz

tar -xvzf latest.tar.gz

sudo mkdir /var/www/html/sitename

sudo rsync -avP wordpress/ /var/www/html/sitename

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/sitename

sudo chmod 755 -R /var/www/html/sitename

13: Configure NGINX


sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

server{

 listen 80 default_server;
 listen [::]:80 default_server;

 root /var/www/html;
 index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debin.html;

 server_name server_domain_or_IP;
 
 location / {
  try_files $url $url/ -404;
 }

 location ~ \.php$ {
  include $nippets/fastcgi.php.conf;
  fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
 }

 location ~ /\.ht {
  deny all;
 }

}



sudo nginx -t

sudo systemctl reload nginx


Now, open your WordPress website URL and set up the basic information like database credentials and the site information.

Sometimes: Users Get 

403 Forbidden


Change Nginx configuration file


location / {
         try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
    }

Check and Add

Add index index.php; In the server block here






So, that is the basic configuration file for WordPress on Nginx.



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